Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system which can gradually affect a patient's vision, speech, walking, writing and memory. This condition involves a wearing away of the myelin sheath, the protective covering of the nerves, which causes nerve signals to slow and the nerves themselves to become damaged. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease that is most commonly diagnosed in women between the ages of 20 and 50.
The specific cause of MS is unknown, although it may be a result of genetic factors. Like other autoimmune diseases, the body mistakes normal tissue as a foreign body and attacks against it. In this case, the brain and spinal cord are affected.
Symptoms of multiple sclerosis can vary depending on which nerves are affected, but common symptoms include:
Since symptoms vary and can come and go, diagnosing MS is often difficult and can take months or years from when symptoms begin. There is no specific test for diagnosing MS, so your doctor may focus on ruling out other conditions in order to reach a diagnosis.
Treatment for MS is usually a lifelong process that involves different types of medications depending on the frequency and severity of symptoms. Medications commonly used for treating MS include corticosteroids, interferon, glatiramer and natalizumab. Physical therapy can also help patients manage the side effects of multiple sclerosis.
Since MS is a debilitating disease, it is important for patients to do their best to maintain an active, normal life and keep themselves as healthy as possible, both physically and emotionally. Support from friends and family can also be helpful to living a happy and healthy lifestyle.
Cerebral palsy is a neurological condition that causes problems with body movement and muscle coordination throughout a child's life. While most children are born with this condition, signs may not appear until months or years later. If you notice your child having trouble sitting, crawling or walking, he or she may have cerebral palsy.
Cerebral palsy affects the central nervous system and may occur as a result of several different causes. In most cases, the condition develops during the pregnancy, but may also be a result of complications with delivery. Some of the risk factors for cerebral palsy include:
There are four main types of cerebral palsy, which can be diagnosed once the child is about two years old. These types include:
Although there is no cure for cerebral palsy, there are several treatments available to help relieve the symptoms of this condition and improve your child's physical capabilities. Many children with this condition are able to go on and enjoy functional, independent adult lives. Treatment for cerebral palsy may include physical, occupational and speech therapy, and medications to help control seizures, relax muscle spasms and relieve pain. Surgery may be required to correct structural abnormalities or release tight muscles.
Other treatment options for cerebral palsy include:
Through continued treatment, most children are able to improve their motor skills and communicate to lead a life that is as close to normal as possible.
Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) Attention deficit disorder (ADD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common behavioral disorders that affect up to 10 percent of children in the US. We provide comprehensive evaluations for children who exhibit symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity that affect their school or home life for an extended period of time. These evaluations include a complete physical examination, medical history, and behavior and development analyses.
Treatment for ADD and ADHD focuses on managing symptoms through medication and behavior therapies. Our doctors will work with your child to determine which type of treatment will benefit him or her best.
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